Fiber Tests

According to the Textile Fiber Products Identification Act, it is mandatory for the manufacturers of garments and household furnishings to attach labels to the products specifying the entire fiber content.

Recognition and identification of fiber contents in different home furnishing fabrics and textiles has become tough owing to an ever increasing variety of types of fibers, blending techniques, fabric construction techniques and finishes.

It is therefore necessary to conduct certain tests establishing the fiber used, their source, whether natural or synthetic. This further helps to know the proper usage or the application of the fiber in different industries and products.

Types of Fiber Tests

Non Technical Tests: These test are conducted to determine the fiber content and blend. These tests are especially useful for determining the different fibers blended to form a particular fabric. Non technical tests are easy and simple to perform; they do not require any special equipment.

• Burning Test - The test includes slowly burning the sample of fiber to be tested and then determining the fiber used in the fabric based on the examination of the ashes.
  
• Feeling Test - The test includes feeling the fabric and then based on the skilled perception, of the person conduction the test, the fiber and its blend is determined

Technical Tests: These are elaborate tests, are generally conducted in a laboratory to determine the blend of fibers used and their content. The tests require high technical know how and skilled personnel.

• Chemical Test - Different types of chemical tests are undertaken to establish the identity of the fibers used. These tests give accurate and precise analysis. The tests are conducted in research laboratories.
  
• Microscope Test - The test involves, identifying the fibers, by studying them under a microscope. The test is more reliable than the non technical tests.